What Species Are Koi?
Koi, or Cyprinus carpio, are a type of ornamental fish that are widely popular in decorative ponds and gardens. Known for their vibrant colors and graceful movements, these fish have captivated the hearts of many enthusiasts worldwide.
In this article, we will explore the different species of koi and their unique characteristics.
Common Carp – The Ancestor
Before we delve into the various types of koi, it is essential to understand their origins. Koi fish are descendants of the common carp, which is native to Asia and Europe.
Common carp have been selectively bred in Japan for centuries to develop the beautiful koi varieties we see today.
The Big Four – Gosanke Varieties
The Gosanke varieties, also referred to as the “Big Four,” are the most well-known types of koi. They include Kohaku, Taisho Sanke, and Showa Sanshoku. Let’s take a closer look at each one:
Kohaku
Kohaku is one of the oldest and most traditional types of koi. It features a white base with red patterns (known as Hi) overlaid on top.
The ideal Kohaku pattern should have crisp edges with no bleeding or smudging between the white and red areas.
Taisho Sanke
Taisho Sanke, also known as Sanke or Taisho Sanshoku, is another popular variety characterized by its three-color pattern. Like Kohaku, Taisho Sanke has a white base but includes black patterns (Sumi) in addition to the red ones.
The black markings should be well-distributed across the body, creating a balanced and visually pleasing appearance.
Showa Sanshoku
Showa Sanshoku, commonly referred to as Showa, is a stunning koi variety featuring a black base with red and white markings. Unlike Taisho Sanke, which has Sumi (black) patterns, Showa has Sumi patterns that cover most of the body.
Ideally, the Sumi should be bold and deep black, contrasting beautifully with the vibrant red and white areas.
The Colorful Koi – Non-Gosanke Varieties
Apart from the Big Four varieties, koi enthusiasts also appreciate numerous other types that showcase an array of vibrant colors and unique patterns. Some notable non-Gosanke varieties include:
- Asagi: Known for its blue net-like pattern on the dorsal area and vibrant red or orange belly.
- Kumonryu: A striking variety with a black base that changes its pattern depending on water temperature.
- Hikarimono: A group of metallic koi varieties which include Yamabuki Ogon (yellow), Platinum Ogon (white), and Orenji Ogon (orange).
- Koromo: Features Kohaku-like patterns with an additional overlay of Sumi or indigo-colored scales.
Conclusion:
Koi fish come in various species and varieties, each possessing its unique charm. From the traditional Gosanke to the colorful non-Gosanke types, these fish continue to mesmerize people worldwide.
Whether you are a seasoned koi enthusiast or just starting your journey into this fascinating hobby, exploring different koi species will undoubtedly bring joy and wonderment.
